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Month: March 2017

Student found unconscious in Richmond Park halls dies

A University of Manchester student was found unconscious on Monday 13th of March. Emergency services were called to Richmond Park halls on Whitworth Lane in Fallowfield in the early hours of Monday morning.

Although initially believing the student passed away in the flat, police confirmed he was found unconscious in the halls and later died in hospital.

The University’s Residential Life Advisors have visited all students residing in Richmond Park. In total, over 500 students are housed in Poplar Court and Willow Court in these halls, and a full counselling service has been offered to anyone affected by this tragedy.

A University of Manchester spokesperson stated: “We are saddened to confirm the death of a 22-year-old student.”

They added that staff are providing support for the student’s family and fellow students.

A student, who wishes to remain anonymous, told The Mancunion: “I didn’t know the student but his passing has affected everyone here in Richmond Park. Our thoughts are with his family and friends. The university have been offering us a lot of support, which we are thankful for.”

A statement was released by Greater Manchester Police: “Shortly before 12.45am on Monday, March 13, police were called by the ambulance service to halls of residence on Whitworth Lane in Fallowfield.

“Officers attended and discovered a man in his 20s who was unconscious.

“He was taken to hospital, but sadly died. The man’s family have been informed and his death is not being treated as suspicious.”

Officers have not revealed the identity of the student, and the circumstances surrounding his death have not been released. However, the police are not treating this case as suspicious.

The university has urged anyone affected to contact the University of Manchester Counselling Service.

Sarah Littlejohn, Head of the Counselling Service, said: “We offer a very wide range of resources to help students protect and support their mental health and wellbeing.”

You can find more information on the Counselling Service website.

Alternatively, you can contact the Samaritans who are available 24 hours a day to provide confidential emotional support by calling 116 123.

Brexit and Indyref2 leaves the future of EU students in Scotland unclear

There is much dispute over the effect Brexit will have on Scottish universities. Scottish universities will be able to raise tuition fees for non-UK EU students, which could increase income, and provide more tuition-free places for Scottish students.

In a speech at the SNP conference in October 2016, the Deputy First Minister, John Swinney said tuitions fees would not be introduced for current students in Scottish education and those applying for entry to the 2017/18 academic year. Scottish Parliament may face a cost of up to £60 million as Brexit is planned to take place before current non-UK EU students have completed their degree courses.

Swinney has not guaranteed non-UK EU students will qualify for visas that enable them to stay for their entire degree. It remains unclear if this will change as Brexit negotiations progress and whether future EU students will have the option to study free of charge in Scotland.

 

Abolition of tuition fees for Scottish students, under EU regulation, was extended to non-UK EU students under European anti-discrimination laws. Students from the rest of the UK were exempt from this as they are within a single state; English, Welsh and Irish students pay £9000 to attend Scottish universities.

In order to provide tuition-free education to Scottish and EU students, the number of free places was capped. The Scottish Funding Council funds 125,000 places across Scottish universities.

Increasing numbers of European students are filling places at Scottish universities, enticed by free tuition at some of the world’s best institutions. The number of EU students in Scottish Higher Education has almost doubled since the 2006-7 academic year to 13,312 in 2014-15. This leaves fewer spaces for Scottish students and increasing competition between applicants.

Almost 20 per cent of Scottish students did not receive an offer from a Scottish university in 2014. Overall rates of offers to Scottish students were the lowest among nationalities applying with only 54 per cent of their applications being accepted.

In a speech early last week Nicola Sturgeon, First Minister of Scotland, outlined her proposal for a second referendum to be held on Scottish Independence before Brexit finalises, between 2018 and spring 2019. Westminster Parliament’s timeline for Brexit shows it due to being at the end of this month and complete in March 2019.

A day later Sturgeon issued a statement contradicting this decision, claiming a Scottish referendum may have to take place after March 2019. This was possibly in response to Theresa May’s public rejection of a referendum before Brexit talks finish.

Recent polls from the Scottish Social Attitudes Survey (SSAS) show 72 per cent of 16-24-year-olds in favour of remaining part of the UK. In the 2014 referendum, the nationwide results were a 55:45 split in against independence, indicating a reluctance to leave the EU.

May claimed that Scotland will leave the EU “no matter what” in parliament late last week. As the Prime Minister and First Minister continue to discuss and debate Brexit and a second referendum, the future of Scottish and European students in the UK remains unclear.

Smear test ‘not needed for lesbian women’?

A survey of lesbian and transgender women in the North-West, carried out by the University of Salford, revealed that 37 per cent were told that they did not require a cervical screening due to their sexual orientation.

This is despite cervical cancer charities and research stating that all women eligible, regardless of sexual orientation, should go for regular screenings. This misinformation has led to around half of eligible lesbian and bisexual women having never been screened.

Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust told the BBC: “As HPV can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact in the genital area, gay women are equally at risk of contracting HPV and experiencing abnormal cervical changes and, thus, should always attend when invited for cervical screening.”

LGBT charities have expressed that this is not the only problem that the LGBT community face in healthcare. 36 per cent of lesbian and bisexual women say that their GP has assumed they were heterosexual, according to a survey.

A woman is eligible for cervical screenings when she reaches the age of 25, when a test should be done every 3 years until 65, and where tests are done every 5 years. The smear test checks for abnormal cells in the cervix. Most of the time these cells will not lead to cancer, but in some cases they will be removed to prevent them developing in this way.

At the moment, smear tests are only offered to women above the age of 25, as research shows that women under this age are more likely to have abnormal cells that are harmless and will return to normality on their own. However, stories of young deaths due to cervical cancers, such as that of 19-year-old Sophie Jones in 2014, have lead to petitions to lower the age that women are offered the test.

First year Psychology student Courtney Levy thinks the age women are eligible for cervical screening should be lowered, saying “maybe not recommending the test for young people, but if a woman has come into contact, either directly through a partner, or through someone who came into direct contact with HPV, then she should be able to request and receive cervical screening to rule out transmission.”

Jess Kirby, a senior health information manager at Cancer Research UK, has said that lowering the age that the smear test is offered will cause more worry than needed. The increased likelihood of harmless but abnormal cells in younger women could result in unnecessary further treatment that can have severe side effects.

Instead, Cancer Research UK feel there are other ways the screening programme could be improved. Research has shown that testing HPV is more likely to prevent cervical cancer than current smear tests. Although HPV testing is now used as a secondary test, Cancer Research UK argue that using it as the initial test would be more beneficial.

The NHS and Cancer Research UK emphasise that, regardless of your age, if you experience any of these symptoms: abnormal bleeding, pain or abnormal discharge, you should talk to your doctor.

The LGBT society has been contacted for a statement but did not respond by our print deadline.

University of Manchester student premieres film at HOME

With ginger curls and a name like Christopher Murray, appearances deceive when it comes to meeting this University of Manchester Masters student-cum-director. Of Scottish ancestry but very much Chilean with a distinguishable accent as evidence, his newest film, El Cristo Ciego (The Blind Christ), will premiere in the UK at ¡Viva! Spanish and Latin American festival at HOME.

A beautiful expression of dusty desert life set and filmed in Pampa del Tamarugal in the Chilean Atacama desert, El Cristo Ciego follows the story of Michael played by Michael Silva, the only professional actor.  Michael believes he is Christ, and embarks on a pilgrimage to find and perform a miracle on his lost long childhood friend, Mauricio, in order to heal him from injuries sustained in a mining accident. Along the way, we listen to the stories of the people that Michael encounters and discover their versions of ‘faith’, as well as Michael’s.

“I understand faith as a way of giving meaning to emptiness,” Christopher explains, “emptiness which is exacerbated when you live in precarious conditions.” Such is the case in northern Chile, a forgotten corner, “badly treated” by the government.

Although it’s a film of fiction, is it packed with real stories from the people that live in Pampa del Tamarugal. “Instead of imposing a story upon the people and the land, we listened to them and used their stories.” Originally, they were armed with just a fledgling script that entailed the basic idea of a pilgrim off to perform a miracle and they developed it with the unique and unrepeatable stories of the residents. “I don’t think I’m able to produce stories so compelling as the ones you are told, that people actually live,” Christopher says. “It was simply a question of understanding the place and knowing how to listen.”

In addition to the narrative element, factual or not, the location in itself is loaded with biblical and mythical significance. In Christianity, it’s a place largely associated with magical events, “and therefore a contemporary desert made the perfect setting, especially seeing as the region is brimming with folktales.” In a quintessentially Latin American way, the production is not concerned with discerning truth; rather it is an exploration into what people believe, why, where the stories come from, and how they are transmitted.

El Cristo Ciego is in some ways an anthropological insight into the reality of the people of Pampa del Tamarugal, protagonising a community that is otherwise unrepresented. In other ways it’s a creative platform for them to express themselves and take the limelight. A film of many messages and complexities, it’s packed with significance and symbolism, with plenty to leave you to mull over afterwards.

For Christopher, cinema has been a tool to create bridges between peoples and he hopes his Masters course at Manchester will broaden his horizons even more. Fittingly, he studies visual anthropology and somehow manages to slot in being a world-touring director at the same time. But, he insists, “I’ve had to accompany my film as part of my professional career which requires some express travelling at weekends, but it’s complemented my studies well and has been enriching, but yeah it’s also been challenging.”

A worthwhile watch, be sure not to miss the UK premiere of El Cristo Ciego on Monday 3rd of April at HOME, as part of ¡Viva! Spanish & Latin American Festival, one of many fruits the festival has to offer.

Buy tickets online at HOME’s website, where you can find more information.

Interview: Andy Burnham MP

Labour mayoral hopeful Andy Burnham has made various ambitious promises during his campaign to become Greater Manchester Mayor, in both the party’s selection process and the campaign proper.

In what is probably the most important UK election this year, much is at stake, including the first ever devolved Health powers to a city in this country.

The Burnham manifesto is light on promises explicitly aimed at university students — an understandable move at first glance, given that most students are not permanent residents and not registered to vote in Manchester — however his announcement speech contained a number of policies that will directly impact university students and graduates.

We took the opportunity to ask the bookies’ favourite for Metro mayor to explain how these will work.

The first is the graduate retention plan, a major part of housing policy — not specifically mentioned in the manifesto — but a promise form the speech that will be the most eye-catching for graduates.

“We want to retain more of the people in the city who study here. You know, we’re really lucky that so many people come from all over the UK to study in Manchester, indeed the world, and that brings a kind of talent and vibrancy to Manchester, but it’s been the case in the past that on graduation, some people may have tried to stay and then eventually drift away because maybe they can’t find the job that works for them.

“And the specifics that we will offer will be more access to rent-to-own housing, so give people a route to the housing ladder, or, even, start-up space in places like this [the Sharp Project].

“So we’re really serious we need a graduate retention plan for the city, which would be good for us but good for you too.”

Plans to encourage graduates to stay in Manchester were a major announcement of his speech, Photo: Robert Cutts @Flickr

Another area that Burnham has highlighted as part of his campaign is the high levels of pollution in the region, and how cycling networks, like the one that will soon be completed on Oxford Road, will be rolled out across the region.

“We need a dedicated high-quality cycling network all over Greater Manchester because people know us as the medals factory, you know the Velodrome and everything that came out of there. So we’re world class when it comes to elite cycling but not when it comes to cycling by the rest of the population. We want to put that right, and if you going to do something about air quality you have to get people out of their cars, don’t you?”

The bus companies that heavily populate Oxford Road don’t escape the focus of the Mayoral hopeful, who has also called to reform to that part of transport policy.

“Oxford Road, nose to tail, buses of varying standards, throwing out all kinds of pollution at times. The Vice-Chancellor told me recently that the record that had been spotted, I think, was about 34 buses continuously on Oxford Road.

“It’s like a free-for-all isn’t it? And you know, it’s the bus companies putting their own interests of everybody else, and it’s going to come to an end.”

Coming back to young people in Manchester, we asked why he decided to focus on these voters so heavily, given that they are less likely to be registered to vote.

“I’ve heard people at local level of politics and at national level say ‘oh don’t prioritise anything for young people, they don’t vote, just use all the money you’ve got to pay for things for older voters’. The problem with that is you end up with quite large amounts of alienation, but also you don’t build a prosperous society on that basis, do you?”

Dealing with the air pollution on Oxford Road was also one of Burnham’s stated priorities. Photo: Pete Birkinshaw @Flickr

At this point, Josh — admitting that he himself did not vote in the 2015 election — asked what Burnham thought of alienation generally among young voters.

“Yeah it is [a shame] and I could see why you say that … I don’t think that political parties have been prioritising people in your age group, and I think it’s really damaging to the economy, but also to democracy and society if you adopt this kind of short-term approach where you just say ‘oh we’re just promising things to people who might vote for us’. You’ve got to do the right thing, if you do the right thing you should get the reward of doing the right thing.

“I’ve seen how the kind of cynical thinking that you get down there sometimes, and I’m not surprised why you felt as you did at that last election.”

Page nine of the manifesto contained a mention for the Reclaim the Night movement, which has a major presence in Manchester student activism. We asked what would be built upon to improve student safety in Fallowfield.

“Well we specifically mentioned [Reclaim the Night] because it’s a brilliant initiative, and you know we wanted to congratulate everybody who’d been a part of it. The first thing we’ve got to do is make sure there’s visible policing in communities like Fallowfield. You know, I think the front line of policing has suffered under government cuts, we need to stop that, and make sure there are police officers still out visible in the community.”

Burnham also revealed his own personal connection with the area and its problems.

“More broadly, in that community, I know Fallowfield quite well because my brother was a student and lived in Furness road actually, when I was in my twenties and he was studying there. And he got broken into on a regular basis, and indeed was held up at gunpoint once.”

Furness Road in Fallowfield, Photo: Mikey @Flickr

Poor housing, also a major gripe of student life, was something the prospective mayor also highlighted as something that he will attempt to improve with the new powers.

“A simple message [for private landlords]: respect people here, or get out of Greater Manchester. That is going to be a pretty simple message, and we’re going to bring in a voluntary regulation scheme where we ask the good landlords to sign up to the standards we expect, and those that don’t will make themselves very obvious to us, and we will go after and try and compulsory purchase those who won’t play by the rules.”

We decided that the final question of the last of many interviews for the Leigh MP would be the question that Matt — our camera operator and a born-and-bred Warrington fan — was dying to ask. What was his prediction in the upcoming Leigh vs Warrington Super League match?

“Well it comes at an interesting time. I’m going to wind him [Matt] up, the camera’s going to start shaking with anger in a minute here! So we’re the new kids on the Super League block, [Warrington] are the power in the land, but, you know, Leigh are in better form actually going into the game. So I think you could see a pretty major upset. We’ve beaten St. Helens already, so we’re coming after the blue and yellows there tomorrow night!”

In the end it was the Leigh MP who will be the happier, as his team beat the Wire 22 points to 8. If his campaign goes nearly as well as the Centurions’ start to the season, then expectations will be high for his administration’s efforts to improve Manchester for its students and graduates.

Chocolate and peanut butter malt loaf

Ingredients for malt loaf

120 g unsalted butter

1/2 tbsp dark brown soft sugar

2 tbsp malt extract (Holland & Barrett sell it in jars)

1 tbsp treacle

225 g strong white flour

4 g salt

7 g fast action dried yeast (usually 1 sachet)

70 g dark chocolate

70 g crunchy peanut butter (I’ve found that Meridian works best although it does make the dough quite sticky so be prepared)

70 g raisins

about 500 ml water

1 tsp honey

A shower cap or cling film is also needed to cover the bowl while the dough rises

Method

Boil the water, pour into a jug and put a tablespoon in the jug to heat up – heating the spoon makes the treacle and malt extract much easier to work with. When hot, use the tablespoon to add your malt extract to a small saucepan, rinsing in the hot water before using again for the treacle. Add your butter and sugar and put the pan on a low heat, stirring until the ingredients are mixed before removing from the heat to cool and pour away all but 125 ml of water from your jug (so that it will cool quicker).

Add the flour to a large mixing bowl and put the yeast and salt on opposite sides of the bowl. Cut the chocolate into small cubes (about 1/4in segments) and add to the mixing bowl along with the raisins. Start mixing, whether you’re using an electric or hand mixer, or a wooden spoon, and then add the peanut butter in small amounts mixing as you go. Add your sugar mixture, followed by 125 ml of warm water (40ºC or less, otherwise your yeast might die) and mix thoroughly.

Lightly flour a board and tip your dough out onto it and knead it by pushing it away with your palm and folding it over on itself for a few minutes until it is reasonably easy to shape into a log roughly the length of your loaf tin. Your dough might be quite sticky due so this can be quite a messy process. If need be, scrape the dough off your fingers and the board with a butter knife or thin spatula and add it back to the main mass periodically. When you have formed your log, grease your tin with a small amount of butter and transfer the dough into the tin. Cover loosely with a shower cap (in case the dough rises a lot) and leave to prove until the dough has risen to the top of the tin, or about 12 hours. I usually make the dough in an evening and bake it the following afternoon.

Pre-heat the oven to 190ºC, remove the shower cap and loosely cover the tin with foil so the top doesn’t burn. Bake on the middle shelf for around half an hour. After 30 minutes, check the bread is baked by piercing the middle of the malt loaf with a skewer, if it doesn’t come out clean put it in for another 5 minutes. To finish, microwave the honey in a small dish on the lowest setting for (literally) a few seconds before brushing over the top of the loaf. Leave to cool and enjoy for breakfast with butter (or more peanut butter).

Posh Chicken Nuggets

When I was little we would go to a particular restaurant in France for my birthday and I could order whatever I wanted. Being fussy, this took the form of chicken nuggets, chips and fresh pasta. All handmade by the chef. Now that I’m grown and not so picky, these are still some of my favourite things.

This recipe is for posh chicken nuggets with a lemon and parsley crumb, but if you want to leave them out then that’s not a problem.

Having these in the freezer mean I can get my fast food hangover fix without having to leave the house and I know exactly what’s in them.

Oven at 180˚C

Can be scaled easily but these quantities are for 4 or 5 servings of chicken nuggets

Can be frozen

Time: 2 hours 30 minutes + marinating
Ingredients

3 chicken breasts

2 pots plain yogurt

Salt and pepper

Butter for cooking

FOR THE BREADCRUMBS

Panko or regular breadcrumbs

handful fresh parsley, finely chopped

1 lemon, zest only

20g parmesan, grated

Salt and pepper

Dice the chicken into bite-sized pieces. Coat the chicken in the yogurt and season with salt and pepper before leaving covered in the fridge for 4 hours or overnight. This step is not strictly necessary but will help to stop the chicken from drying out.

Make the breadcrumbs by mixing together the crumbs, parsley, lemon zest, parmesan, and seasoning. I recommend pulsing everything together in a food processor to achieve a fine crumb but be aware this will turn it green —  adding the diced parsley afterwards will avoid this.
Heat the oven to 180˚C.

Remove the pieces of chicken from the yogurt and coat in the breadcrumb mixture  — if you have lots of leftover breadcrumbs then double dip the chicken by coating in another layer of yogurt and then re-rolling in breadcrumbs.

Heat some butter in a frying pan and add the chicken pieces in batches, taking care not to overcrowd the pan. Fry for 2 minutes on each side until golden. Transfer the lightly fried chicken pieces to a baking tray. Repeat the process with the rest of the chicken. It is advisable to clean the pan between each batch to stop the butter from browning too much and turning the chicken a burnt colour.
Bake in the oven for 15 minutes.

To freeze, cool the chicken nuggets and then place them spread out on a tray in the freezer for an hour, before transferring them to ziplock bags. Eat within 3 months. To cook from frozen simply bake for 15 minutes, checking they are piping hot throughout.

Don’t publish

I felt it important to pen a response as I felt it necessary to add that I am no more “peddling a misogynistic agenda” as Catherine Snow is peddling anti male agenda. Both claims are equally as absurd.

Catherine writes that the study released in 2014 by the United States Department of Justice which reveals, on average, that one in 164 college women aged 18-24 reported experiencing rape or sexual assault between 1995 and 2013, did not cast substantial doubt on the perceived view that we live in a rape culture.  Whilst she outright doesn’t provide any immediate commentary on this particular study to show how it does not cast doubt on the existence of a rape culture, I can only assume that she was making reference to what she later describes as being “misunderstandings”, the first of which being my understanding of consent and secondly the definition of rape culture itself.

Now, firstly on the notion of consent. My definition on the nature of consent is synonymous to the definition provided by the sexual assault prevention and awareness centre which states that “Consent is when someone agrees, gives permission, or says “yes” to sexual activity with other persons. Consent is always freely given and all people in a sexual situation must feel that they are able to say “yes” or “no” or stop the sexual activity at any point”. If someone’s removal of consent is ignored or they have been incapable of giving consent, through black out intoxication for example, then this is rape. This is something that both Catherine and I echo.

Furthermore, to be clear, the taking away of consent during the sexual encounter is equal to not giving consent in the present and should the perpetrator chose to ignore the taking away of consent during the act, then they are guilty of rape.

However, there is some potential disagreement about consent being taken away after the act has been committed. This may not be true of the author of the article but it has been true of others and thus I feel it merits a mention. Considering how the giving of, refusal to give and taking away of consent is grammatically applicable to an act in the present,  I struggle to find how the word consent can apply to the past unless one uses the past tense; consented. Therefore, if you consented to something, does the removal of consent later outweigh the fact that one had previously consented to an act in the past that no longer exists in the present? Indeed, I have personally had unfortunate encounters but this does not remove the regrettable fact that I consented it.

Furthermore, the Mary Koss study I referenced showed how 40% of women who said they were raped, consented to sexual intercourse with their rapist at another time. In regards to accuracy of rape reporting it is not irrelevant to mention this fact. Whilst both Catherine and I agree that the woman’s choice to have sex with her rapist was a consented act, this act is relevant to the previous accusation of rape because one’s willingness to have sexual intercourse with someone who has previously violated them through “behaviour that degrades and oppresses women” seems to be rather questionable. This can’t be put down to just a rare case of questionable individuals because 40% of women, in this study, chose to do so.

The second labelled misunderstanding is my understanding of what constitutes rape culture. It is clear that this is the main topic under dispute. The word rape is quite clear. It’s definition entails the unlawful sexual intercourse or any other sexual penetration of the vagina, anus, or mouth of another person, with or without force, by a sex organ, other body part, or foreign object, without the consent of the victim. Culture is quite simply defined as the attitudes and behaviour characteristics of a particular social group. Upon combination these entail that the forced penetration of a bodily function, without consent of the victim, is a prevailing attitude and behavioural characteristic of this particular social group. I could even go further and use Marshall University’s Women’s centre definition that argued that Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture.  However, the definition of rape culture that Catherine uses argues that rape culture is “embodied every time someone shouts a lewd remark to a woman walking down the street, or when a pornographic video is shared from one phone to another at a school. It occurs every time someone makes a rape joke and excuses it as banter or when a woman is slut shamed. It occurs when women receive threats of sexual violence over Twitter or find their timelines clogged with memes bearing the slogan “it’s not rape if…”. It is seen every time a woman is told she was asking for it by drinking or walking home alone. It is seen every time a woman is told she was complicit in her rape because she went back to his flat.”

Firstly, the point was raised about how the mention of rape in a joke, which I do not see as a fit subject for humour, is evidence of a culture of rape. Is this equally logical as arguing, as was so aptly asked in a response to her response, that “If someone jokes about how they could murder someone does that mean we live in a murder culture?” I would maintain that they are equally illogical.

Secondly, to argue that two individuals sharing a pornographic video with each other that contains at least two consenting adults engaging in a sexual act is evidence of a society that normalises sexual violence against women begs belief.

Furthermore, idiotic misogynistic males shouting at women on the street and the ridiculous “slut shaming” of women because she made an autonomous decision as to who she should sleep with is not evidence of a culture that normalises rape (which is, in fear of sounding repetitive, the unlawful sexual intercourse or any other sexual penetration of the vagina, anus, or mouth of another person, with or without force, by a sex organ, other body part, or foreign object, without the consent of the victim) but a culture of sexual objectification. This to me is undeniable. Sex is not only a fascinating subject but everyone is a sexual object to someone. I am in agreement, I hope, with Catherine that the behaviour of some men on the street and in the home is disgraceful and misogynistic but this behaviour, along with the viewing of pornography, is an example of our culture of sexual objectification.

It is clear that a disclaimer is necessary. This is not a dismissal that rape occurs and this is not a condoning of the disgraceful behaviour that Catherine and many other women have been victims of, but it is not accurate to say that this disgusting side of our sexual objectifying culture is evidence of a culture that sees rape as permissible and in an epidemic. Thus, I agree with Catherine that there “is an insidious thread securely woven into the fabric of our society” but this thread takes the form of a culture of sexual objectification, not rape.

Therefore, I was not denying the existence of misogynistic attitudes that stem from this cultural objectivity and I agree with Catherine that there is a need to tackle this for change. What I often find in these arguments is that we agree on a surprising number of issues and work towards the same goals, but words do matter here.

In order to seriously fight rape  and the misogynistic elements of our culture of objectivity, we must make an honest outline of what actually is rape and what is not. This is a distinction that, once made, will be our greatest weapon in fighting rape on our streets and in our homes. A fight that both myself, Catherine and all good willing civilians are devoted to.

Review: Lincoln in the Bardo by George Saunders

When I first found out short story writer George Saunders, who’s famous for creating futuristic dystopias, had written a ghost story about Abraham Lincoln I was wary. Crossovers like Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter and Pride and Prejudice and Zombies came to mind; I wasn’t sure if Saunders’ almost sci-fi style would translate into historical fiction. But, I shouldn’t have doubted him, Lincoln in the Bardo, his first novel, has cemented his place as one of the 21st century’s greatest writers. He’s been praised by the likes of Jonathan Franzen, Zadie Smith, Junot Díaz and Lorrie Moore and this highly anticipated novel certainly lives up to the hype.

The story takes place in a cemetery over one night in 1862 where Abraham Lincoln visited the crypt of his dead child, Willie. Saunders takes this emotionally charged situation and renders it sincere and realistic through the experimental way in which the novel is written (almost entirely in dialogue). At first glance, the book looks weird, there’s tonnes of empty space on the page and it looks more like a play-script than a novel.

And, it gets weirder. The novel is narrated by ghosts/spirits stuck in the Bardo (a sort of Buddhist version of Purgatory). Saunders’ knack for voice is incredible, each character is believable, sympathetic and hilarious. He accurately portrays anyone from gay aristocrats, opium addicts, slave owners, prostitutes and the President of the United States. With these characters Saunders creates an eclectic cacophony of voices each with their own compelling story to tell. Reading the book, you get lost in the reality of the many lives of its dead characters. It’s a feat that a lesser writer would make tacky but Saunders delivers beautifully. While at first, you may find the strange telling of the story confusing, by the end of the 300 or so pages, you can’t imagine it being written any other way.

As you can see, it’s very hard to pin the novel down into one category. Is it historical fiction? Kind of, but not really. Saunders (despite having clearly done a ridiculous amount of research) has a playful approach to historical reality. Is it a tragedy? Well yes it is sad, but also laugh out loud hilarious. This mix of tragedy and comedy is effective throughout all his stories and works brilliantly in the novel. Is it political? Despite being about a US President, it’s not particularly a political novel, Saunders’ universal observations on what it is to be human and how to face death are a lot more important. The impossibility to stick the novel into one genre is testament to Saunders’ range as a writer — he’s a master of tone, as comfortable writing about the tragic death of a young child as he is making 19th century dick jokes.

It must be said that many people don’t respond to Saunders’ more experimental writing style and Lincoln in the Bardo could seem to them a tiresome read. For those looking for lots of twists and turns in a narrative, this might not be the novel for you, Saunders creates an immersive world but not necessarily a page-turning plot.

There is definitely a life-affirming quality to his writing, and despite often being satirical and darkly comic, he always seems to end on a genuine note of positivity. I think this is something that’s often missing in literary fiction mainly because it’s something extremely hard to pull off without seeming sappy or cliché. Yet through his powerful tragicomic writing, Saunders manages to create a genuine emotional connection with readers and this is especially true in Lincoln in the Bardo.

The novel is unlike anything I’d ever read before and the experimental style is effective. I’d definitely recommend getting a copy, and if you’re looking for a quick introduction to his writing check out his short stories — many of them are available for free online.

Review: An Evening with Beth Underdown

The example of Manchester’s own Beth Underdown should bring hope to any aspiring authors who face the forbidding prospect of moving back in with their parents while they craft their first literary masterpiece. This is exactly what she did, giving up a “proper job with a business card” at Phaidon Press in London to pursue her writing ambitions, eventually receiving an MA in Creative Writing from the University of Manchester and writing The Witchfinder’s Sister, a literary historical thriller which sets out to re-examine the witch-hunts of the 1640s from a modern, revisionist, unabashedly feminist perspective.

Beth Underdown was in Waterstones, Deansgate, last Friday the 10th of March to celebrate the book’s launch, drawing a crowd sufficient to fully cram the second-floor function room of Waterstones, the largest bookshop in the North of England. Hosted by Kate Feld, the Associate Lecturer in Journalism at Salford University, the event felt like a homecoming: Underdown claimed that half the audience was made up of personal friends, and even took a question from her next-door neighbour. There were, however, still enough strangers for the unflappable staff of Waterstones to sell out of copies of her book within minutes of them going on sale.

In Underdown’s own deprecatory words, the book “has some good sentences”. She read from the first chapter, showcasing her comfortably uncomplicated prose, which was intentionally old-fashioned without straying into tawdry Renaissance Fayre territory. Underdown based her narrative style on the everyday correspondence and ‘commonplace books’ of 17th-century women, and smatters the page with metaphors that fit like a cavalier’s glove: “the devil can enter a person in such a manner that he can be deftly taken out again, like a stone from a plum”.

The book follows the puritanical crusade of Matthew Hopkins, England’s self-styled ‘Witchfinder General’, who was tried for the murders of at least three hundred women between 1644 and 1646, hanging more women than any other witch-hunters in the previous 160 years. Underdown is well-placed to write about Hopkins – her great uncle David Underdown was one of the foremost historians of the period that Beth is writing about – but she gave the very clear impression that this is not a book about Hopkins, but rather the people around him.

“This could very easily have been a book about one man,” Underdown said. “But it isn’t. There will always be men like Hopkins, but he’s not the interesting part, because what actually affects history is the way that people react to men like him.”

This is, perhaps, the main reason why Underdown chose to make Hopkins’ fictional sister into the main narrative character. The novel is, in her own words, “a book about standing up to insidious misogyny”. Her interest clearly lies in exploring how women could navigate and respond to a world where they were persecuted for small indiscretions or deviations from the norm, including the ‘imperfect responses’ of women like her protagonist. She explained during her talk that the women accused of witchcraft in the 1640s were victims of profiling — they were overwhelmingly widows, some of whom were trying to remarry, often living on the charity of the parish, many having lost a child at war or at sea. Others were suspected of witchcraft just because they were literate, or infertile. The English Civil War had led to increased female emancipation: many women had been running their husband’s households while they were away at war. Others marched on to parliament to protest that the war was interfering with their jobs, because “not enough babies were being born.” The character of Alice Hopkins fits this profile exactly: she is an educated, pregnant woman returning to the provincial town of Manningtree from cosmopolitan London after the death of her husband. Perhaps the witchfinding craze was a backlash against this kind of empowerment? Underdown’s book seems remarkably apropos in the current political climate, but she claimed that she didn’t set out with an agenda — despite eerie cosmic coincidences such as her stay in a hotel in Manningtree on the night of the US Elections, where the ghostly finger of Matthew Hopkins turned on the TV at four in the morning to reveal the victory of Donald Trump.

When asked if she’ll write any more books in this genre (her response, “probably by accident”), she hinted at her next project, a pacey late-Victorian whodunit. I spoke with her after the signing, and asked what she thought – in her capacity as a lecturer at the University of Manchester — about recent suggestions that Manchester is the new writing capital of the UK. “It made me smile,” she replied. “I would love to think so. It can only ever be good to live somewhere affordable. You can’t assume that you’ll make a living from writing.” Her advice to young writers? “Try to treat it like a job. Sit down and do it, for fixed hours every day, if you can. Don’t expect a thunderbolt to hit.”

Become a master of memory within weeks

As students, every semester we meticulously memorise indefinitely long lists of essential vocabulary, only to forget it all within days of completing our exams. Unfortunately there seems to be no way of getting around this problem — until now.

The ‘method of loci’ is a strategy of improving memory, where we imagine ourselves walking a familiar route. By associating an item to be memorised with a specific location of that route, we can more easily recall the item in our memory. Scientists led by Dr Martin Dresler at Radbound University has shown that this method could allow us all to develop superior memories, in as little as six weeks.

Scientists recently conducted a study focusing on ‘memory athletes’. These are individuals that are seemingly gifted anomalies of nature, that are capable of feats such as memorising a sequence of 550 digits within five minutes. A group of memory athletes that currently place within the top 50 in the world for memory sport rankings were closely analysed in memory tests.

Supplementary neuroimaging technology known as functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provided an insight into the inner workings of their seemingly incredible minds. The same studies were repeated on control participants with no history of memory training. Dresler’s group compared performance in memory tests between the two groups and fMRI images of all brains at rest and in action.

Unsurprisingly, when challenged to memorise 72 words from a list, the athletes achieved an average of 70 words, whilst control participants reached an average of just 40. Imaging showed that these differences seemed to be related to differences in brain connectivity between the two groups.

Superior memory performance appears to correlate to increased brain connectivity between components of structures within the brain. After these initial findings a group of the control participants studied the ‘method of loci’ strategy over a period of six weeks, for just 30 minutes every day. The aim was to identify whether mnemonic strategies can enhance memory.

Staggering results indicated that after training, the control participants achieved roughly the same results in the memory test as the accomplished memory athletes. Furthermore, in a four-month follow up test the group had retained their superior memory skills.

fMRI imaging demonstrated that increased brain connectivity was identified in the control participants, mirroring the results initially identified in memory athletes. These findings support evidence that memory athletes do not possess any unusual anatomical features in their brains that set them apart from the common individual. Their talent is actually a result of hours of training, with a key focus on mnemonic strategies, which result in increased brain connectivity.

Specifically focusing on the ‘method of loci’ therefore seems to be the answer to effortlessly, extensive memory. Naïve individuals as us could be capable of developing a superior memory using this strategy. With eight weeks until exam period begins, that leaves us with plenty of time to train…

Football Crazy: In Other News

50 Year Old Footballer Scores

Japanese footballer Kazuyoshi Miura became the oldest ever goalscorer in professional football last week, at the age of 50 years and 14 days. The Yokohama FC forward scored the only goal in a 1-0 defeat of Thespa Kusatsu. J-League veteran Miura, who previously scored 55 goals for his national team, joined his hometown club in 2008. In scoring the goal, “Kazu” beat Sir Stanley Matthew’s record for oldest goalscorer in a competitive match, which had stood since 1965. Miura was “glad to contribute”.

Convicted Murderer Bruno Finds New Club

Brazilian goalkeeper and convicted murderer Bruno Fernandes has found a new club. The footballer was convicted of killing his partner Eliza Samudio and feeding her remains to dogs in 2010. Shortly after leaving prison, having served a partial sentence and still pending further appeal, the 32-year old signed a two year deal with second-tier team Boa Esporte. Outraged with the decision, many fans have protested outside the stadium, and three sponsors have ended partnerships with the club.

PSG Pen Futile Complaint Letter

Paris Saint-Germain have reportedly written a letter of complaint to UEFA headquarters following their 6-1 Nou Camp capitulation versus Barcelona. The dossier listed ten decisions the French side felt that referee Deniz Aytekin had gotten wrong to an extent which affected the match result, including controversial penalties won by Neymar and Suárez. What PSG intends to come about as a result of such a letter is rather unclear: they undoubtedly remain knocked out of the competition.

Wonderkid Misses Champions League for Exams

17-year old Bayer Leverkusen midfielder Kai Havertz missed last Wednesday’s away game to Atlético Madrid to sit ‘important exams at school’. There is no doubt that the teenager would rather have been available to play football over attending school, with the Leverkusen club’s Twitter account joking of his disappointment. German wonderkid Haverts has played 20 matches for the senior side from the North Rhine-Westphalia area this season, and made his Champions League debut in the first leg of the tie.

U.C. Palermo Unites with Formula 1 Team

The worlds of football and Formula 1 collided last week after Palermo striker Ilija Nestorovski appeared in a bizarre YouTube video promising to dedicate his next goal to the Force India racing team. Why? Common ground on the colour pink. The F1 team has made radical design changes this year to present a new car in an entirely new colour: which just so happens to be the same pink as the famous rosanero colours of Palermo. “What a fantastic colour!” says Nestorovski. I, personally, am not so sure.

Tyrone Mings

Three letters were enough for Bournemouth footballer Tyrone Mings. The young defender is currently banned for five matches after an appearing to stamp Manchester United striker Zlatan Ibrahimović’s head. During United’s following domestic match however, this time against Chelsea, Reds defender Marcos Rojo avoided FA disciplinary after a stamp on Eden Hazard. The irony was certainly not lost to Mings: ‘Lol’, he tweeted, and left it at that. Guilty or not, at least he has a sense of humour.

The feminist fashion journalist

In my last year of sixth form, my English teacher proudly announced our syllabus would include a favourite author of hers: Angela Carter. As expected, no eyes lit up with excitement or recognition; her enthusiasm was lost on us. Regardless, we would discuss and analyse some of Carter’s grotesque feminist revisions of renowned fairy tales in The Bloody Chamber for our dystopian coursework — whether we wanted to or not. The term started and curiosity quickly turned to repulsion, confusion and, admittedly, a slight fear of our beloved English teacher. Too many references to sadomasochists and split figs later, I loudly renounced the author and vowed never to return to Carter’s work again.

In an ironic turn of events, the culmination of three years studying English Literature at the University of Manchester amounts to a dissertation based on what interests us most. My eighteen-year-old self would be mortified to know I chose to write on Angela Carter and on perhaps one of her most disturbing, confusing, and controversial novels, The Passion of New Eve. I jokingly tell people the plot line, waiting for their repulsed facial expressions with bated breath: ‘I’ve not finished telling you everything yet! So then Evelyn, after he is kidnapped by the feminist cult and surgically transformed into a woman, is to be impregnated with his own sperm to recreate and rewrite Immaculate Conception…’

Carter’s work only really achieved critical acclaim after her death in 1992. In an extract from Susannah Clapp’s A Card From Angela Carter, Clapp jokingly describes the time Carter was a judge for the Booker Prize in 1983. The presenter Selina Scott ‘mistook [Carter] for one of the many hangers-on at the feast, inquiring what she thought of the judges’ decision. “I’m one of the judges,” Angela explained […] Scott seemed mystified: “I’m sorry… What’s your name?”’ Considering Carter’s current status within literary studies, it’s hard to believe such a scenario; her novels and short stories, exploding with magic realism, surrealism, the carnivalesque, and highly debated representations of gender, since gained the recognition they deserve within feminist literature.

However, all writers must start somewhere. With her father’s help, Carter began as a journalist. Shaking a Leg is a collection of her journalist writing and it is fast becoming a favourite book of mine. Carter’s work covers an enormous breadth of topics, from autobiographical articles to cinematic reviews on eighties film, and all beautifully retain her resilient, insightful, and powerful voice.

I began reading Carter’s journalism to aid my dissertation but my self-discipline (which I try to enforce to avoid unnecessarily reading off-topic articles) wavered when I discovered a segment dedicated to fashion. What could be better than the sarcastic overtones of my favourite feminist writer commenting on my chosen journalistic subject?

I’ll admit, I expected a brutal tearing apart of the fashion and beauty industries and anticipated a flavoursome attack over which the editors of Vogue would weep. To my great surprise, I instead found Carter took a great interest in fashion, sartorial politics and the way people present themselves. In a nutshell, she eloquently reflects my thoughts and opinions back at me: ‘Clothes are our weapons, our challenges, our visible insults […] Eclectic fragments, robbed of their symbolic content, fall together to form a new whole, a dramatisation of the individual, a personal style.’ In all honesty, I’d struggle to build upon her words other than adding a vigorous nodding of my head.

Her commentary beautifully combines her wit and personal experience, in amongst her politics and feminist standpoint. To supply one example of many, in an article published in 1975 called The Wound in the Face she quotes Theodor Adorno, cites Andy Warhol, references Oedipus, and writes the simple statement: ‘A face is not a bicycle.’ Unapologetic, sharp, and intellectual, she invokes a writing style I admire and hope to employ within my own fashion journalism.

Carter wonderfully executes her ability to marry her interests into an enormous range of topics in her journalistic work. But most importantly to me, she demonstrates a fundamentally smart approach to an area of journalism often undermined and labelled as less important or lacking significance.

Review: Helping Hannah

They say our school years are the best of our lives and that we should enjoy them while we can. Of course this is sometimes simply untrue and while being a teenager has its positives, it can also offer up some of the most emotionally challenging  and draining moments of our lives while we come to terms with who we are. Helping Hannah, a new play by Cait O’ Sullivan and part of the University of Manchester Drama Society’s MIFTA season, employs this second version of teenage life through focusing on the struggles of its two main characters. The brash, volatile Jen and extremely introverted Hannah become unlikely friends after attending a group therapy session together, and while it remains unclear for much of the play as to why Jen’s parents have sent her there, Hannah’s reasoning is made instantly evident. Hannah suffers from quite severe obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), so much so that she constantly carries with her all the sink and bath plugs from her home, to ensure that it won’t flood in her absence. OCD is a sensitive issue that could have been handled badly, but in fact its handling was one of the biggest strength’s of the play. Ellie Tivey excels in the title role as she strikes the perfect balance between calm reasoning and utter distress in her portrayal of what it is like to live with the condition. Tivey plays the role with reserved precision, but it was clear that she was ready to explode in a fit of angst at any opportunity; like the scene in which Jen’s friend Becca accidentally spills red wine onto Hannah’s skin.

Scenes such as this, which involve Becca’s whole friendship group, were certainly some of the snappiest and most comic in the play. Grace Bridgewater’s character of Jen, Eliana Ostro’s Becca, Christian Hooper’s Charlie, Iona Purvis’ Jules and Sam Roberts’ Dom were all well played and you really got the sense that these were real teenagers talking about the types of inconsequential things that friendship groups at school do and playing party games like ‘would you rather?’ Part of this was thanks to Cait O’Sullivan’s strong script, but Eliana Ostro as the loud and annoying Becca and Christian Hooper’s turn as the loveable but rather hapless Charlie also provided great moments of individual comedy. I must admit however I was less convinced regarding the chemistry of the two supposed couples in the play; Jules and Dom, and Jen and Charlie. It wasn’t believable that either of these couples had a romantic connection, however in the case of Jen and Charlie there was to be a reason for this.

Throughout the play we see Jen having repeated one on one therapy sessions with Dr Philomena, never knowing the reason why, other than that her parents insisted she have them. However as Jen’s relationship with Hannah develops, she kisses her and it is revealed that these ‘therapy’ sessions forced on Jen by her parents, are to supposedly cure her of her apparent homosexuality. This is a twist that I did not anticipate, so O’Sullivan must be congratulated for the way it was built up in her writing and Grace Bridgewater played Jen well as an empowered young woman coming to terms with her sexuality. Jen’s argument with Dr Philomena, excellently acted by Flora Barker, is evidence of this when Jen discovers that Dr Philomena knew why her parents sent her there and still accepted her as a client. Barker comes across really convincingly as someone who is cold, cutting and someone who cares more about her own finances than the health of her patients. Bridgewater is equally strong at standing up for herself, and poses a thought provoking concluding assessment that it is her own parents and Dr Philomena who need ‘helping’, not herself and Hannah.

Ultimately, while the play’s climax and twist is rather farfetched, it is carried through by strong performances and dialogue which prevents the play from slipping into melodrama. This perhaps is indicative of the piece as a whole, because Helping Hannah is a very good play but not a great one. One criticism would be that the seating had been arranged on three sides, but when sitting at the side it was clear that the show had been directed to face the front, while the lack of cover to the backstage came across as somewhat unprofessional. It certainly has its limitations and there is nothing particularly ground breaking about it, however Helping Hannah is a thoroughly enjoyable piece of theatre with a good script from a promising writer in O’Sullivan. If she ever decided to perform the piece again, I for one would definitely be in attendance.

Helping Hannah is part of the University of Manchester Drama Society’s MIFTA season of plays and is playing at the Council Chambers in the Students’ Union from the 4th to the 6th of March.

DIY: Memories Jar

A memories jar is the best way for remembering those little moments that seem so important at the time, and that are great to look back on to remind you of the best times in your life. It’s an idea that aims to help you document your year, day by day, quickly and without much commitment. I’m sure I’m one of millions of people who have started a diary at some point and given it up 3 weeks in. Every year I make it my New Year’s resolution to write in a diary every day and every year I fail before February. Sometimes the time and effort is just too much when you’re busy wasting your life on Facebook.

Looking back on bad memories can sometimes make you sad or angry, but I think it’s important to think about and process everything that happened that year, good and bad. Everything that you experience shapes you as a person, so knowing what’s happened in the past year is useful for self-discovery and personal growth.

So, a memories jar allows you the luxury of summing up your day with a funny quote someone said, or a specific activity you did on a little note of paper, that’s then folded and placed in a jar. The idea is not to revisit them until the end of the year, when you’re then able to open the jar and consequently experience tons of happy memories from the year that’s just passed, and get you excited for the year to come.

Alternatively, you could use the mason jar as a way of storing an inspiring quote a day, that you can uncover for motivation throughout the next year. Perhaps you could fill it with motivational, encouraging notes for a best friend or family member for them to open every day for the following year, with things you love about them or even a subtle reminder for when your birthday’s coming up. It’s a gift that yields, and gives. We won’t mention which we prefer.

All you’ll need is a mason jar, a pad of paper or post-its, and a pen, and you’re good to go.

Best Foreign Film: the politics behind it

The Oscars 2017 was filled with a lot of exciting and strange events, but amongst all the glitter, glamour and excitement, there was a film maker who was absent in the Oscars ceremony. This film maker was Asghar Farhadi, who eventually went on to win his second Oscar for the best film in foreign category. His absence was due to President Trump’s ban on six muslim nations entering the USA.

Apart from the politics of outsiders, the ones that are visible to everyone, there is another kind of politics that has devoured the foreign nomination and has made them a matter of opprobrium for a really long time now. The censure of the foreign nominations lies in the Rule 13 section C of the Oscars rules of eligibility. Rule 13 C states that: 1. Each country shall be invited to submit its best motion picture to the academy, 2. Only one picture will be accepted from each country.

These rules place the films in the hand of the censor boards of the respective countries. But these censor boards are unaccountable to anyone, neither the government nor the academy can intervene in the working of these censor boards. The prime victim of these rules is one of the modern masters of film making Jafar Panahi. Panahi has won prestigious awards such as Camera d’Or, Jury Award at Cannes, Golden Leopard at Venice, FIPRESCI and Golden Bear at Berlin and many more, but Panahi would never be nominated for the Oscars because first his films were banned in his country and then he was also banned for 20 years for making films. The censor of any country is deemed to serve the government, over the years it has been seen that there has been no correlation between the art of film making and censors.

Coming back to the Foreign Film nominations of 2017, after Farhadi’s announcement of boycotting the Oscars, a lot of film makers registered their consent of biased behaviour of jury towards Farahadi’s film. They were afraid of the foreign film voters would act against the trump rather than vote solely for the film.

Since the Academy is supposed to be a torch bearer of excellence in film making, it is important for them to sit down for once and revisit the rules and regulations of the foreign nominations. If not, the censor boards would just do whatever they intend to do and not just the film makers but also the audiences will be deprived of the plethora of fine cinema around the world.

Working 9-5

As graduation begins to loom large over my essay-stressed, reading-overloaded mind, I am starting to take steps towards finding some form of full time employment — I know to some I may seem a bit late, but don’t judge, I have my logic. Over the years I have done my share of internships, work experience placements, part-time jobs and shadowing days, and being the fashion-obsessed girl that I am, what to wear is always at the forefront of my mind.

The jump from student to full time employment is akin to saying that you have to become a “real” adult now, one who is self-sufficient. Sadly my boyfriend jeans and Stan Smiths do not seem appropriate attire for such an occasion.

For men the workwear choices are limited, most corporate or business employers expect to see men in shirts, suits and ties; even in more up and coming, start-up, young businesses men are likely to wear a variation on top and trousers.  For the fashionable out there I do fully acknowledge that this can go drastically wrong or right — however, it’s not the main topic of conversation here.

Women, on the other hand, have a plethora of options available to them in the workwear department. While some employers feel it is within their right to impose a certain kind of dress code on women, that’s coming to an end thanks to the petitioning and legal action taken by people such as Nicola Thorpe. The controversial decision to send her home without pay for refusing to wear a heel of two to four inches brought to a very public head the archaic dress code some employers still hold. Do not mistake me here, there are certain jobs that require uniforms, but no employer should force employees of any gender or binary to be uncomfortable for the sake of propriety. Heels are glamorous, they can lift an outfit, they can make you feel great, but they do cripple your feet.

Workwear exists in a strange world that does not dare to embrace the increasing high fashion replicas that the high street can now create, it clings to ill fitting black bootcut trousers — something no one should own. Ever. No matter what your parents tell you looks smart. The desire to be taken seriously in the workplace often leads many women to fall back on shift dresses, suits and bright blouses, all fine options, that can look lovely. However, being at work should not mean a relinquishing of the personality you express through your clothes; personally, I love heels and will merrily wear them to work but that is part of the look I choose to present! Just as I will wear skirts, trousers, dresses, jumpsuits, blouses, brogues, culottes, etc, etc, I don’t think I will ever be the plain black shift dress sort of person. I am craving a loose tailored double breasted blazer to go with skinny trousers to form a suit though — I’ve got a few months before I need one yet though.

If we have to spend 40 hours a week working, or for some people more, I plan on feeling as much like me as I can through the muddling confusion that will be starting a new job.

ACF Fiorentina: The Lazarus Mission

Florence. Photo: Wikimedia Commons

As so often happens with cities famous for culture, Florence take their football very seriously. Unlike Milan, Turin and Rome, Florence only has one football club, meaning that the affection shown for ACF Fiorentina is localised and powerful. It all started in 1926 when Club Sportivo and Palestra Libertas merged to create Fiorentina. Their club identity is taken seriously; the badge is worn like a sign of honour while the purple kits are renown not only in Italy, but across Europe, as the unique football colours of the La Viola.

Their competitive past is nothing to be ashamed of either. During the 50s and 60s, Fiorentina competed at the top of Italian football and took home two Scudetti in that period. They also house an impressive six Coppa Italias, making them part of the fabric of Italian football history. Despite their consistent finishes in the top half of the Italian first division, Fiorentina went through a traumatic period at the beginning of the millennium which saw the club become extinct before rising in biblical fashion.

It all started in 2002. La Viola suffered a dreadful campaign in which they finished 17th in an 18-team league. Relegation for the second time in their history, however, was the least of their worries. Fiorentina’s economic problems were published, illustrating a $50 million debt and an inability to meet the financial sign-up requirements of Serie B. The club were judicially declared bankrupt and all of their player contracts were declared null. Officially, ACF Fiorentina ceased to exist, however the spirit of the club lingered.

Diego Della Valle. Photo: Wikimedia Commons

There was a slight loophole, which Diego Della Valle spotted. The leather entrepreneur and CEO of Tod’s realised that a new club could be officially established into the Italian football league at the highest non-professional level, Serie C2 (the 4th division). So, Della Valle, being the keen businessman that he is, spotted that Florence, a city renowned for her passion for football, was lacking a football club. And so, Associazione Calcio Fiorentina e Florentina Viola was born.

Two month after the death of Fiorentina, 22,000 ticket holders and 5,000 additional fans travelled to Umbria to watch Florentina Viola compete in the 4th division of Italian football. The fans, still in mourning at the loss of Fiorentina, accepted this new Florence-based club and showed their support to Della Valle for attempting to replace the irreplaceable.

Florentia Viola won its Serie C2 group comfortably thanks to the help of Angelo Di Livio, the only player to stay in Florence after the disaster. Instead of being promoted to the third division of Italian football (Serie C1), the club was instead promoted directly to the second division (Serie B) due to the Caso Catania dispute.

Italian football is no stranger to controversy, and this is no different. Serie B side Calcio Catania claimed that S.S. Robur Siena fielded an ineligible player in a 1-1 draw which saw Catania relegated, whereas the two extra points they would have gained through victory would have taken them out of the relegation zone. In disastrously comic fashion, Catania were awarded a 2-0 victory, before the result was overturned, and then eventually re-awarded keeping Catania safe.

Partly due to this monumental cock-up, the Federazione Italiana Givoco Calcio (Italian Football Federation) decided to let Catania, along with Genoa and Salernitana, stay in Serie B as the league was expanding from 20 teams to 24. With an extra team needed to fill Serie B’s quota, Florentia Viola were promoted directly from the 4th division to Serie B for “sports merit”, or, in other words, having history.

Stadio Artemio Franchi. Photo: Wikimedia Commons

While all of this was happening, Florentia Viola bought back the rights to use Fiorentina’s name, badge and celebrated shirt design; re-incorporating itself as ACF Fiorentina once again. The club flag was famously re-erected over the City of Florence to much excitement and emotion. The following season, La Viola finished in 6th and managed to win their subsequent promotion play-off final against Perugia to return to the Serie A. Fiorentina had died, been reborn in the 4th division and climbed three leagues in two years to re-establish themselves as a top division club; a comeback of Lazarus proportions.

Today, Fiorentina is consistently challenging for European football despite having far fewer resources than that of the clubs surrounding them. There is a sense of religiosity surrounding La Viola: based in one of the most Catholic countries in the world, with feverish support from her fan base, Fiorentina illustrated one of the most renowned reincarnation tales from the Bible. The club is locally believed to constantly overachieve due to some higher power, but realistically, it is footballing faith and passion which make Fiorentina remarkable.

The infrastructure and politics of the Curry Mile

Wilmslow Road now boasts an almost uninterrupted cycle lane. Oxford Road will soon follow suit, with the addition of a 9am-6pm general traffic restriction through the University of Manchester’s main campus. The project aims to reduce commuting times for those travelling from South Manchester to the universities and further into the city, as well as improving air quality.

Construction of these developments, and those in the wider Oxford Road Corridor, are a point of contention for surrounding communities. For many of us, crawling through the afternoon sludge traffic, the whining of pneumatic drills, and lengthy pedestrian diversions are sore memories.

These pains were, and are, not equally distributed. Last year, firms on the east side of the Curry Mile began to complain of ‘constant’ power outages that went on for weeks, causing significant damage to their businesses. Electricity North West initially claimed they were unaware of the cuts, but residents said that numerous complaints were ignored. These power cuts, though less severe, continue today.

With regards to the intent of the project, Rusholme, with its ‘Curry Mile’ main street hosting at least 70 food, drink, and Shisha outlets, has a high ratio of businesses per person. Those non-students that live in the area are therefore less likely to be commuting along the Oxford Road corridor towards the universities and the city centre.

The new cycle lanes, though a welcome move towards more sustainable transport infrastructure for the city, have introduced their own problems. Deliveries to businesses are often obstructed by passing cyclists, space for crowds around bus stops and during the evenings has been restricted, and local drivers face added challenges when pulling in and out of side streets. Whilst these are minor issues, and will soon be adapted to, they create moments of friction between cyclists (most frequently students and professionals) and locals.

We might look at the continued promotion of this area as a cycle and bus route as evidence for positive engagement between students and professionals on the Curry Mile. However, in contrast to the passovers that elevate users over poorer area in other cities, the lack of engagement found between commuters and the Curry Mile is less material. Packed into busses or trains, staring at phones, reading newspapers, or chatting to friends, we may be described as passing ‘over’ the areas that we travel through.

This is no criticism of our individual behaviours and it is hard to place much blame policy makers. Rather, we may understand the Curry Mile as something of an isolated community in between University campuses, with a commuter route, mostly used by students, lodged in the middle of it. Though, such a view might be seen as merely the perspective of an outsider looking in, observing the oriental. And, of course, there are plenty of students who live in Rusholme, as well as many non-students who live in the areas referenced.

Given the inequities of the development and some of the interpretations of travel through the area, a risk of conflict, though minor, emerges. Perhaps one saving grace is the student body’s leftward lean. Students’ interpretation of international events, such as terrorist attacks or the west’s foreign policy, would hopefully not be generalising towards Muslims or people from the Middle East and the Indian Sub-continent.

However, it would be crude to assume that this leftist view reduces tensions. Whilst marching at last year’s Reclaim the Night event, I felt rather awkward as we marched through the Curry Mile.

Aside from the validity or worthiness of the march, this detail of its location is intriguing. Here was a mass (there were 2,500 for this year’s march) of leftist students, protesting through a space where they felt unsafe, with, amongst others, the chant “who’s streets? Our streets.” Our streets? By that, was the march suggesting that Wilmslow Road was their street? Why were these students claiming (public) ownership in a community so detached from their own?

Though I had these thoughts, the Reclaim the Night protest is best understood as a strain of ongoing big tent camping for making all public spaces safer and freer. In that sense, all citizens are united for a wider cause. However, at the scale of this one march through the Curry Mile, some may have misinterpreted it as an assertion of ‘ownership’.

But what can be done? Perhaps the only obvious objective is for the Council to get on the back of Electricity North West to improve infrastructural equity. The Curry Mile’s electricity supply should be assured, street lighting ought to be widened and intensified in some areas, and the Council must continue to develop inclusive infrastructural decision making.

This is an awkward situation for the two communities. This issue may seem to be a trivial at present, and there are communities across Manchester that are, no doubt, in worse states. But given the wider context of austerity economics, increasing political polarisation, and the continuing assault of some media outlets and politicians towards immigrant and ethnic minority groups, we must foster an awareness of the ebbs and flows in the current friendly awkwardness shared by communities in the area.

Review: LoveTrue

It seems unfair to call LoveTrue a documentary, though by all accounts that’s what it is. LoveTrue premiered at the 2016 Tribeca Film Awards and has since picked up two awards for Best Documentary at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and the Crested Butte Film Festival along with many nominations from others on the festival circuit. It’s not difficult to understand why,  as Israeli-American director, Alma Har’el, expertly weaves reality and fiction together in a hypnotically sensual, genre-warping film that focuses on the journeys of three real-life couples across the United States.

The opening scenes paint an abstract portrait of love and loss, the trials of relationships and the maddeningly confusing desires and expectations of the lovers depicted in the film. We see Willie, living in Hawaii, trying to raise his baby in the best way possible, Victory and her family attempting to navigate New York despite the disappearance of her and her siblings’ mother and her father’s wife, and Alaskan couple Blake who works as a stripper and Joel, a computer nerd who are in the early stages of a relationship. The geographical distance between the characters (and it feels right to call them characters given Har’el’s propensity to fictionalise their lives) only serves to highlight the universality of the themes that the film focusses on.

Blake and Joel’s relationship is perhaps the most uplifting of the three narratives. Their relationship whilst young is sweetly warm and Har’el goes to great lengths not to demonise or use Blake’s career for shock value. However, just as “love, hope, and faith” are key themes throughout the three narratives, so are the darker and less appealing aspects of love: loss, fear, and insecurity as evidenced by Blake’s desire for escape, though from what remains unclear.

Likewise, the breakdown of Victory’s relationship with her father as the truth behind her mother’s disappearance is revealed whilst Willie’s struggle to deal with and overcome the sudden dispute over his child’s paternity all seem to point to the fact that love, at it’s best is uncertain and at its worst is forever just out of reach.

The unreal reality that Har’el depicts in this hazy, dreamlike documentary is both its selling point and its downfall. At times, the visuals are as gorgeous as they are distracting, though this may be intentional on Har’el’s part as the intertwining storylines of the three couples lack the substance and, quite frankly, the likability to carry a documentary on love by themselves. The entire film feels like it is trying to be more than it is — and there is a strong argument that Har’el focusses more on style than on substance — the made up conversations and improvisations between actors and the real-life lovers in the film comes across as performative and affected. The choice to use subtitles over voiceover to relay first-person testimony is unnecessary and even detrimental to the overall viewing of the film.

LoveTrue then is a dizzying (maybe too much so) journey. It is as intoxicating as it is alienating and raises more questions than it has answers to, though given its subject matter, maybe this is not only to be expected but encouraged.